"Nuclear Physics" as an academic discipline concerns itself with the study of the structure of stable or radioactive nucleus of atoms known as atomic nuclei. These are the core constituents of every molecule of all living structures or non-living matter in the universe. Nuclear physics investigates interaction mechanisms within atomic nuclei, which include the strong and weak nuclear forces manifesting themselves in phenomena such as nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, and nuclear fission and fusion. Applications of nuclear physics include energy generation in nuclear power plants as well as technologies such as X-rays imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). Nuclear physicists pioneer in astrophysical research about the inner-workings of the evolution and fate of different kinds of stars as well as the interaction of ionizing radiations with matter, which has proven crucial in designing and constructing state-of-the-art detectors.